The History Of The Liberal Neutrality Politics Essay

The History Of The Liberal Neutrality Politics Essay The question is should all government decisions be made on a neutral basis or is there a point where the government should be able to make a decision that they believe if for the best interest of the individual? This issue is discussed by multiple authors and looked at from different angles. John Stuart Mill discusses his opinion of government authority as it affects an individuals interests in his essay On Liberty. Joseph L. Sax discusses his opinion of government authority as it affects the national parks and individuals different interests within the parks in his book Mountains without Handrails. Both Mill and Sax look at government involvement and decision making in two different ways. One as it applies directly to any interest of an individual and the other as it applies only to an individuals interests in a specific area. The main topic of Mills essay is civil or social liberty. He defines social liberty as the nature and limits of the power which can be legitimately exercised by society over the individual (Mill, 5). Social liberty allows an individual to govern themselves to a certain point. This point is where they potentially could cause harm to others. Once an individual has reached this point, society or the government can step in to prevent harm of another person. Society is neutral in an individuals interests until this point has been reached and they have the authority to interfere with an individuals interest if they deem it harmful to others. This is the idea of the harm principle. Mill says the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others (Mill, 14). In one sense social liberty follows the idea of liberal neutrality but it has a loop hole that allows for some bias decision making by society to protect others. Where society does interfere with an individuals interest it is doing so for the best interest of the rest of society and preventing harm to them. The negative effect of interfering with a single individuals interests is outweighed by protecting one or more individuals from harm that is not necessary for them to endure. All decisions come down to choosing between protecting the interests of an individual or society as a whole. One topic that Mill discusses is the struggle between liberty and authority. Liberty was put in place as means of protection for people from their political rulers. At the time people were born into power and liberty was kind of like a clause if the ruler became a tyrant. Authority is needed to prevent individuals from taking actions that would be morally wrong (causing harm to others). Society then changed and all rulers were no longer born into power, they were chosen to represent the people. The representatives of the people were to represent the best interests of the individuals and this would eliminate the need for some forms of liberty and authority since the people would be need to be protected from their own will. One thing that was over looked was the fact that a single group of representatives cannot accurately represent the entire population, they can only represent the majority and the majority is made up of the individuals who are active in getting their voice heard and does not necessarily represent the entire population. This is the idea of tyranny of the majority. Tyranny of the majority occurs when the majoritys interests are placed above the minoritys interests and causes minorities to be discouraged in getting their opinions heard. This brings society back to the same struggle of liberty and authority and where to draw the line between the two. Individuals want to have the power to so as they please but there should be some guide lines or limits to this power. Mill does not explicitly state what all of these guidelines or limits should be with the exception of causing harm to others. Are more guidelines really needed than that? What is society as a whole just decided to do away with rules, regulations and all types of society authority with the exceptions of something that enforced not doing harm to others and just let an individual decide how they wanted to live their life? This is what libertarians advocate for, liberal neutrality. Having a society with no rules or regulations with only a few minor exceptions, would allow for an individual to focus on their interests and preferences and allow them to achieve their version of the good life since there would be not interferences from society. Having liberties can produce a positive effect in individuals if they are given the opportunity to effectively utilize their liberties. Although Mills essay was published in 1859, the ideas he presents are still currently being discusses such as in Mark Sagoffs Can Environmentalists be Liberals?, Cary Coglianeses Implications of Liberal Neutrality for Environmental Policy and Andrew Vincents Liberalism and the Environment. There is no wrong answer to the struggle between liberty and authority and there is a possibility of multiple right answers for this struggle. Mill discusses liberty in a broad sense, and does not apply it to a specific area of interest but to all areas of interest to an individual. Sax discusses liberty and authority as it directly affects national parks and the individuals who benefit from them. He tries to answer or at least present the different sides of answering the question should the national parks basically be treated as recreational commodities, responding to the demand for development and urban comforts that visitors conventionally bring to them or should they be reserves as temples of nature worship admitting only the faithful? (Sax, 2) Preservationists represent one side of this issue and want national parks to remain undisturbed by human activities. The preference for undisturbed nature and recreation in nature is merely just a matter of taste specific to each individual and no policy will be able to please all parties. One individuals interest and preference for a national park may contradict another individuals interests and preferences, which make it difficult for society to remain neutral n its decision making process. National parks are owned by the public and consist of remote and scenic land in large quantities. Parks were first preserved for the scenery they provided so the average citizen would be able to enjoy them. It was though that the more people who came to the national parks the more support there would be for the future preservation of other parks. People wanted different things from the parks though; some wanted them for sites for picnics and resorts while others wanted them preserved as museums. The parks could potentially provide engagement with nature which provides an opportunity for detachment from the submissiveness, conformity and mass behavior that dogs us in our daily lives; it offers a chance to express distinctiveness and to explore out deeper longings (Sax, 42). The nature within the park has the ability to stimulate reflectiveness and self-understanding. It provides a model of continuity, stability and sustenance, adaption, sustained productivity, diversity and evolutiona ry change. Humans can learn a lot by observing nature and applying it to their lives. If this nature is disturbed then these revelations cannot be observed and applies to other aspects of daily life. The problems of recreation can cause many conflicts in national parks. Recreation can be defined in different ways depending on the individual and can vary from hiking to snowmobiling and from five stat resorts to building your own lean to. A compromise has to be made between the many types of recreation. One possible compromise is to try fully to serve the quantitative demand for conventional recreation and to provide opportunities for all of the different kinds of activities the public wants, but not to assure those opportunities in locations that have a special value for reflective recreation (Sax, 63). There is a demand for different types of recreation including intensive-use activities. A balance has to be determined on what types of recreation can take place where and to what extent do they damage the environment and prevent future usage. Sax described how he believes the national park ought to be. One important note that he makes is to discourage motorized travel within the national parks. He also mentions decreasing crowds and allowing visitors the opportunity to experience the park at their own pace. The problem with some of the ideas that Sax proposes is that there is no easy way to determine how to effectively please each individuals wants from the park. The park service is in a dilemma between too many people wanting to utilize the park and not enough park resources to go around and conflicting interests between multiple parties. Sax recommends dealing with this dilemma by separating the choices that have to be made from each other. This will allow clarity about each decision that is made and how it will impact future decisions made. All decisions made have to bear in mind that the park belongs to all individuals but some forms of activities that consume a lot of the resources for everyone should be avoided so m ore individuals can potential benefit. The parks are there to be utilized by the individuals but individuals attitudes contribute to decisions made directly affect the potential future of the park. A certain level of tolerance is required for all parties to allow for the most effective use of the park and its resources. In Saxs book he looks at the governments role in the preservation of the national parks. The government has the authority to put in place rules and regulations that would limit the activities allowed within the parks. This would interfere with an individuals liberties to make their own decisions to pursue their individual interests and preferences. Saxs opinion is to limit an individuals liberties within national parks and to allow for the government to have the authority to control what happens within the parks. Sax and Mill seem to stand on different sides of liberal neutrality. Mill agrees with liberal neutrality with the exception of causing harm to another individual. Sax disagrees with liberal neutrality and thinks that the government should enforce rules and regulations for the individuals within national parks even if they interfere with an individuals liberties and their versions of the good life. Although Sax is talking about a specific situation were liberty and authority conflict, it can be assumed that Mills argument applies to all aspects of an individuals life including national parks. Assuming both Mill and Sax are focused on national parks and an individuals liberties within the park they are really not all that different. Mill and Sax both want individuals to be able to pursue their interests and preferences within national parks. Mill allows for these interests and preferences to be followed until they will cause direct harm to another individual. Sax allows for these interests and preferences to be followed until they will cause direst harm to the environment and potentially cause indirect harm to other individuals trying to utilize the national parks resources. Sax allows an individual to govern themselves to a certain point and his point is where an individuals actions will potentially cause harm to the environment. Causing harm to the environment will limit the availability of current and future park resources for other individuals to enjoy and could harm them and not allow them to pursue their interest and preferences within the national park. In this sense preservationists and environmentalists are liberals and allow people to do as they please without interference form society until they reach the point of harm. The idea of liberal neutrality centers around being open to different individuals version of the good life and being neutral in the decision making process that will affect an individuals ability to achieve their version of the good life. Mills essay he defines liberty and discusses limiting the authority society has over the individual/ Saxs book focuses more on allowing society to have the authority to interfere with individuals liberties as they pertain to the national parks. Both Mill and Sax present different points about the struggle between liberty and authority, they both agree on the authority to interfere with an individual if they are going to cause harm to something else. Mills version of harm focuses on harm to other individuals while Saxs versions of harm focuses on harm to the environment which is a public good and could cause harm to others if not looked out for.

Does Coriolanus make mistakes or errors in judgement that lead to his downfall? Essay

Does Coriolanus make mistakes or errors in judgement that lead to his downfall? If so, what are they and how did they lead to his downfall? The play Coriolanus concerns the downfall and eventual death of a Roman general turned politician, Cauis Martius (later given the name Coriolanus after conquering the city of Corioles). Equipped with the traits of a brave soldier, a short temper and arrogance, these characteristics aid in his downfall which was also aided by several other factors. Whether it be a mistake or an error in judgement on Coriolanus’s side, it is the result of either one which causes trouble for him. After announcing that he is reluctantly joining the senate, his mistakes and errors in judgement along with the rest of him would be publicly scrutinised, questioned and judged before the public. He lost the advantage of making mistakes and errors in judgement in the course of war where they would most probably end in his own death or personal injury. Additionally they would be looked at as victory scars or and as a mark of heroism rather than a result of a foolish and rash decision.It comes down to the fact that he would not have to answer for his mistakes in war as opposed to his mistakes against the plebeians who are not particularly fond of him. Coriolanus, though he is brave, ferocious and strategic in the context of war where the consequences of miscarried and miscalculated actions do not bring great effect, he is helplessly out of his element when his mother Volumnia coerces him into politics. ‘I have lived to see inherited my very wishes†¦. only there’s one thing wanting,†¦.but which our Rome will cast upon thee.’. Running for consulship was clearly a mistake, because firstly, he has no desire for it, ‘Though he obeys his mother’s wishes and dons the gown of humility. It is clear through his thinly veiled contempt for the people he is unsuited as he regards them as ‘hares, geese’, unworthy animals. Wholly unsuited for a career in politics due to his arrogance, brutal honesty, tactless manner and moreover his inability to conceal his true self and to pretend to care for the well being of the plebeians, Coriolanus himself said so, ‘Would you have me false to my nature, Rather say I play the man I am,’ Though he stands for himself, his own idea backfired and it resulted in his banishment. To call Coriolanus obeying his mothers orders a mistake would be inaccurate as he is predisposed and psychologically unable to refuse her demands. It is fair to say that Coriolanus relentlessly seeking for her approbation aids in his downfall. Going against his wishes to satisfy her wish for him to fight for his place in the consul by humiliating himself further; apologising to the plebeians. She, (Volumnia) says to Coriolanus, ‘To beg of thee is more my dishonour than thou of them†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. She gives up and plays the role of the disappointed mother and Coriolanus caves in. ‘Prithee mother, pray be content†¦ chide me no more†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Though he would certainly be aware that listening to his mother was a mistake if her were not so dependent on her approbations and love. Though not a clear cut mistake, it certainly aided in his downfall. Coriolanus certainly obtains some time away from the influences of people when he is banished. He arrives at Antium, where he is prepared to die at Aufidius hands for all the harm he has done, ‘If he slay me, He does fair justice†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Though he goes on to say, ‘if he give me way, I’ll do his country service.’ he switches his allegiances to Aufidius. This was an independent decision where he was influenced by his country’s hatred for him and it lead him to serve another country whose wish is to destroy his home. This portrays Coriolanus as a vengeful, hateful and hyper aggressive as his first task is to seek revenge by destroying Rome, the city who did not fully appreciate their hero. This is not entirely a mistake as he would have gone through with his plan if not for him obeying and pleasing his mothers wishes which often carry dangerous consequences. This was more of an error in judgment as he depended on his dejection, rejection and anger to govern his decision to join Aufidius in order to be against Rome. He fails to see his tether to Rome; his family and to a certain degree, his father figure, Menenius. At their profuse begging for mercy upon Rome he complies but at the cost of his life. The fatal ending of his life stems from his being independent in deciding to fight Rome but his tether to it prevent him from his plan of joining Aufidius and being a great soldier. It also leads him to a death as a traitor at the hands of his jealous ally who was playing second fiddle to Coriolanus. It further reminds Aufidius of his losing to Coriolanus and this has placed him in the line between ally and enemy, one of his officers even say, ‘And you darkened in this action sir. Even by your own;’ By being the great soldier he is he has subtly wounded the ego of his ally who is second to him as a soldier and a leader. He was unaware of Aufidius’s wounded pride after beating him in battle, 5 times. The signing of the peace treaty with Rome pushed him into being a traitor in Aufidius eyes and those of Antium. After a heated verbal confrontation between Coriolanus, Aufidius and his conspirators, Coriolanus is killed. It is fair to say that Coriolanus’s actions affect the most influential people in his life, and events. His being a good obedient son to a domineering, persuasive mother lead him to the event that highlights his flaws as his primary characteristics; the event being running for consulship. His inability and refusal to veil his hatred for the plebeians who are so easily influenced lead to his banishment. In the end, in him ‘playing the man am I am’ a great soldier, prompted envious and jealous feelings in his ally who later did not need much to kill him. Coriolanus’s mistakes and errors in judgment were all leading to his eventual death due to him being governed by negative people, like his mother. Also negative emotions; his arrogance, and pride which refused and was unable to control due to his nature of seeking pleasure in violence, anger and was in full accordance of his warped upbringing by his war-hungry mother who has only projected maternal sense.

Finding the Best Ap 5 Essay Samples

Finding the Best Ap 5 Essay Samples Attempt to select the best devices to strengthen your argument that you're able to. You could look at providing specific instances or examples from inside the case study to back up your response. You need to place your ID whenever you access the system, and utilize it when you want to restore a forgotten password. You should work on recognizing what constitutes historical context based on the AP. Perhaps the most essential consideration to remember in writing essay exams is you have a limited quantity of time and space to get upon the knowledge you've acquired and your capacity to utilize it. Not just you get to get a superior grade, in the grueling procedure, you also learned some new understanding. Teachers typically request particular kinds of references and citation accuracy is essential to prevent plagiarism. The student forces the reader to create the connections. Essay exams are a beneficial tool for finding out if you may sort through a massive body of information, figure out what's essential, and explain why it's vital. Finally, I've provided some tips on how best to best use sample essays in your preparation procedure. Inside this section you'll find samples of essays belonging to different essay types and manners of formatting. Be certain to have a look at this article for tips and samples for each one of the Common Application essay choices. You should make a strong well-supported analysis instead. It says you ought to not do an overview of the whole plot. You will discover structure of the way the report ought to be. This results in the population to decline. Imagine yourself being an attorney who needs to argue a case in front of a skeptic jury. The very first portion of the question is going to be a statement. This question was reworded for 2017-18, and the present language is an immense improvement. Knowing the question you're answering is the most crucial portion of AP writing. In the event the answer is yes, attempt to structure your argument in order for your points build off one another. These answers have to be based from your own viewpoint, not others. The solution to this question is dependent on your study plans! College Board sample essay sets are a terrific means to test how well you comprehend the rubric. Note you do not need to have solved the issue, and a few of the greatest essays will explore problems which should be solved later on. There are over a dozen varieties of essays, therefore it's easy to become confused. You might be asked to compose an NHS essay before joining to demonstrate that you're eligible to join a prestigious organization. Take all the time you've been allotted. To join our classes it is possible to make payment online. Some students think about the absolutely free response section being the hardest portion of the whole English exa m. Consider your time again. The exam is almost always a difficult situation to cope with. If you're stuck in circumstances like this, you want to get familiar with DBQ before your exams will happen. You'll observe a similar structure in a lot of the essays. This kind of essay wants a good framework and great support. Now that you're acquainted with writing a DBQ essay, it wouldn't be too challenging in your part to compose an excellent and robust essay to land yourself a great grade. These seven sample essays respond to a range of thought-provoking questions. There is only one difference within this prompt, and it lies within this synthesis essay you should write. Thus, you wouldn't locate the practice of writing a contrast essay extremely demanding. The finest persuasive short essays often concentrate on controversial problems. There is a particular essay in the prompt that you should analyze. Vital Pieces of Ap 5 Essay Samples The second point, that making connections is a kind of thinking which can be taught, can't be proven until the very first point has been sufficiently supported. The tips which I am receiving from him now are things that I haven't ever heard from anyone before. Go at your own pace, and you will observe your timid forays into academic writing start acquiring an expert touch. You should be ready to work hard from the beginning.

The Freedom Of Speech - 833 Words

â€Å"What you are doing takes a lot of courage†¦ There are already plenty of people fighting fire with fire, and it’s just not helping anyone or anything. So I’m just going to keep listening, with an open mind†; said Nate Boyer in a letter to Colin Kaepernick. In 2016 when Colin Kaepernick sat during the National Anthem to protest police brutality towards African Americans. In response some people were angry but Nate Boyer, a former Green Beret, wrote him a letter. In the letter he states that his initial reaction was one of anger but after looking at Kaepernick’s point of view he respects his opinion and supports his first amendment right. Kaepernick then invites Nate Boyer to join him on the sidelines for a game. Before the game the two come†¦show more content†¦In recent years people have overall become more aggressive with their opinion and more often have a â€Å"my opinion has to be correct† attitude. People are often arguing ab out political and nonpartisan issues alike when they could be having a discussion. Each person who argues tends to be ignorant to what the other has to say. We hold being right over respecting what the other thinks and has to say. Good listening skills tend to elude modern day arguments. The purpose of having a decision is not to win an argument but to get your point across and gain insight. When you’re listening instead of being defensive about your opinion you will learn a lot more. When Boyer writes a letter to Kaepernick he shows that he respectfully hears and is trying to understand Kaepernick’s point of view. He admits that initially he was a bit angry though after taking a moment to reflect on his personal experiences he’s able to empathize with Kaepernick. Boyer is setting a quality example for everyone to take note of. Kaepernick is protesting the police brutality against African Americans. There have been multiple cases in which a white policemen have shot and killed an African American for little to no reason. He’s peacefully protesting along with those who’re a part of the Black Lives Matter movement. They’re seeking to inflict change with peaceful protests. By kneeling during the national anthem Kaepernick kneels for his fallen comrades. He’s not negativelyShow MoreRelatedFreedom : Freedom Of Speech And Freedom Of Speech1167 Words   |  5 Pagesdetermining how much freedom the citizens in a society has. Throughout history we have seen many different type of governments that include North Koreas’ dictatorship to the United States that has a government based on principles of democracy. In societies that have democratic governments such as the United States, England, France, and many other western European countries, the citizens have a high degree of freedom o f speech. 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